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<br>
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<p><strong>Define your own PhantomData and similarly behaved unit types.</strong></p>
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<h1 id="background" class="section-header"><a href="#background">Background</a></h1>
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@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ compiler rejects that.</p>
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define unit structs with generic parameters.</p>
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<h1 id="examples" class="section-header"><a href="#examples">Examples</a></h1>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost</span>::<span class="ident">phantom</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost::phantom</span>;
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">phantom</span>]</span>
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<span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span>;
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@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ define unit structs with generic parameters.</p>
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<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">main</span>() {
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<span class="comment">// Proof that MyPhantom behaves like PhantomData.</span>
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<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw">_</span>: <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">u8</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span>::<span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">u8</span><span class="op">></span>;
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<span class="macro">assert_eq</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="ident">std</span>::<span class="ident">mem</span>::<span class="ident">size_of</span>::<span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">u8</span><span class="op">></span><span class="op">></span>());
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<span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="ident">std::mem::size_of</span>::<span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">u8</span><span class="op">></span><span class="op">></span>());
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}
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<span class="comment">// Proof that MyPhantom is not just a re-export of PhantomData.</span>
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<span class="comment">// If it were a re-export, these would be conflicting impls.</span>
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<span class="kw">trait</span> <span class="ident">Trait</span> {}
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<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Trait</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">std</span>::<span class="ident">marker</span>::<span class="ident">PhantomData</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> {}
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<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Trait</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">std::marker::PhantomData</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> {}
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<span class="kw">impl</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="ident">Trait</span> <span class="kw">for</span> <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span> {}
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<span class="comment">// Proof that MyPhantom is local to the current crate.</span>
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@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ parameters, and derives. Here is a contrived invocation that demonstrates
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everything at once:</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost</span>::<span class="ident">phantom</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost::phantom</span>;
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">phantom</span>]</span>
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">derive</span>(<span class="ident">Copy</span>, <span class="ident">Clone</span>, <span class="ident">Default</span>, <span class="ident">Hash</span>, <span class="ident">PartialOrd</span>, <span class="ident">Ord</span>, <span class="ident">PartialEq</span>, <span class="ident">Eq</span>, <span class="ident">Debug</span>)]</span>
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@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ everything at once:</p>
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<span class="comment">// Lifetime elision.</span>
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<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="ident">crazy</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">Crazy</span>::<span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">Vec</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">String</span><span class="op">></span>, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="ident">String</span><span class="op">></span>;
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<span class="macro">println</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="string">"{:?}"</span>, <span class="ident">crazy</span>);
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<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"{:?}"</span>, <span class="ident">crazy</span>);
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}</pre></div>
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<h1 id="variance" class="section-header"><a href="#variance">Variance</a></h1>
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<p>The <code>#[phantom]</code> attribute accepts attributes on individual generic
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@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ invariant. The default is covariance.</p>
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chapter</a> of the Rustonomicon.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost</span>::<span class="ident">phantom</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost::phantom</span>;
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">phantom</span>]</span>
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<span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">ContravariantLifetime</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">contra</span>]</span> <span class="lifetime">'a</span><span class="op">></span>;
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@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ This way should be preferred if you need to document any public methods, as
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methods will not be visible in the other alternative.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost</span>::<span class="ident">phantom</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost::phantom</span>;
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<span class="doccomment">/// Documentation.</span>
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">phantom</span>]</span>
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@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ show inherent methods.</p>
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<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
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<span class="kw">mod</span> <span class="ident">private</span> {
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost</span>::<span class="ident">phantom</span>;
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<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">ghost::phantom</span>;
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">phantom</span>]</span>
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">struct</span> <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span>;
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@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ show inherent methods.</p>
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<span class="doccomment">/// Documentation goes here.</span>
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">allow</span>(<span class="ident">type_alias_bounds</span>)]</span>
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">private</span>::<span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span>;
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">type</span> <span class="ident">MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span>: <span class="question-mark">?</span><span class="ident">Sized</span><span class="op">></span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">private::MyPhantom</span><span class="op"><</span><span class="ident">T</span><span class="op">></span>;
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<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">doc</span>(<span class="ident">hidden</span>)]</span>
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="self">self</span>::<span class="ident">private</span>::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;</pre></div>
|
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<span class="kw">pub</span> <span class="kw">use</span> <span class="self">self</span><span class="ident">::private</span>::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;</pre></div>
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<h1 id="use-cases" class="section-header"><a href="#use-cases">Use cases</a></h1>
|
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<p>Entirely up to your imagination. Just to name one, how about a typed
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registry library that admits the following syntax for iterating over values
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@@ -146,5 +146,5 @@ registered of a particular type:</p>
|
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}</pre></div>
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</div><h2 id="attributes" class="section-header"><a href="#attributes">Attribute Macros</a></h2>
|
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<table><tr class="module-item"><td><a class="attr" href="attr.phantom.html" title="ghost::phantom attr">phantom</a></td><td class="docblock-short"><p>Define your own PhantomData and similarly behaved unit types.</p>
|
||||
</td></tr></table></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section><section class="footer"></section><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../" data-current-crate="ghost" data-search-js="../search-index.js"></div>
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</td></tr></table></section><section id="search" class="content hidden"></section><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../" data-current-crate="ghost" data-search-index-js="../search-index.js" data-search-js="../search.js"></div>
|
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<script src="../main.js"></script></body></html>
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